DBS Essay

DBS Essay (Draft)

How did the coming of the Holy Spirit revolutionize the people of God?

The coming of the Holy Spirit truly revolutionized the people of God! The Holy Spirit empowers the people of God to do the will of God.  Under the New Covenant, God’s very presence is now inside the hearts and minds of all true believers!

Jesus is the Son of God who came to the do the will of God.   Luke 4:18-19 states, “The Spirit of the LORD is upon me, for he has anointed me to bring Good News to the poor.  He has sent me to proclaim that captives will be released, that the blind will see, that the oppressed will be set free, and that the time of the LORD’s favor has come.”  Jesus read these words from the scroll of Isaiah the prophet (see Isaiah 61:1-2) while teaching in the synagogue.  Jesus then said, “The Scripture you’ve just heard has been fulfilled this very day!” (see Luke 4:21).  

Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit and he will save his people from their sins (see Matthew 1:20-21).  John the Baptist baptized Jesus in the Jordan River (see Matthew 3:13-15).  John saw “the Spirit of God descending like a dove and settling on him.”  God then said, “This is my dearly loved Son, who brings me great joy” (see Matthew 3:16-17).  Jesus was empowered by God to do the will of His Father.  Jesus was then then led by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil (see Matthew 4:1).  Afterward, Jesus began to preach the message, “Repent of your sins and turn to God, for the Kingdom of Heaven is near” (see Matthew 3:17).  Jesus taught in the synagogues and announced the Good News about the Kingdom.  He healed every kind of sickness and disease (see Matthew 4:23-25).  Jesus invited twelve men to become his disciples.  Jesus gave these twelve apostles authority to cast out evil spirits and heal every kind of disease and illness (see Matthew 10:1).  Jesus knew the will of God and he was doing the will of God.  Jesus was living a life that was pleasing to God and he was teaching his disciples how to do the same.

Jesus said to his disciples, “I tell you the truth, anyone who believes in me will do the same works I have done, and even greater works, because I am going to be with the Father” (see John 14:12).  Jesus said, “If you love me, obey my commandments.  And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Advocate, who will never leave you.  He is the Holy Spirit, who leads into all truth.  The world cannot receive him, because it isn't looking for him and doesn’t recognize him.  But you know him, because he lives with you now and later will be in you” (see John 14:15-17).  Later on, Jesus was crucified and died on the cross.  However, God raised him from the dead!  Acts 1:3-5 states, “During the forty days after his crucifixion, he appeared to the apostles from time to time, and he proved to them in many ways that he was actually alive.  And he talked to them about the Kingdom of God.  Once when he was eating with them, he commanded them, ‘Do not leave Jerusalem until the Father sends you the gift he promised, as I told you before.  John baptized with water, but in just a few days you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit.’”  He added, “But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you.  And you will be my witnesses, telling people about me everywhere – in Jerusalem, throughout Judea, in Samaria, and to the ends of the earth” (see Acts 1:8).  “During the day of Pentecost all the believers were meeting together in one place. . . And everyone present was filled with the Holy Spirit and began speaking in other languages, as the Holy Spirit gave them this ability” (see Acts 2:1-4).  Jesus kept his promise to his disciples and sent them the Holy Spirit!  His disciples now filled with the Holy Spirit would never be the same!

The Holy Spirit revolutionized the people of God!  The Holy Spirit gave the people of God special gifts and abilities.  “A spiritual gift is given to each of us so we can help each other.  To one person the Spirit gives the ability to give wise advice, to another the same spirit gives a message of special knowledge.  The same Spirit gives great faith to another, and to someone else the one Spirit gives the gift of healing.  He gives one person the power to perform miracles, and another the ability to prophesy.  He gives someone else the ability to discern whether a message is from the Spirit of God or from another spirit.  Still another person is given the ability to speak in unknown languages, while another is given the ability to interpret what is being said.  It is the one and only Spirit who distributes all these gifts.  He alone decides which gift each person should have.  The human body has many parts, but the many parts make up one whole body.  So it is with the body of Christ.  Some of us are Jews, some are Gentiles, some are slaves, and some are free.  But we have all been baptized into one Spirit, and we all share the same Spirit” (see 1 Corinthians 12:7-13).  The Holy Spirit gives special gifts and abilities to God’s people so that they can help each other.   “Now these are the gifts Christ gave to the church: the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, and the pastors and teachers.  Their responsibility is to equip God’s people to do his work and build up the church, the body of Christ.  This will continue until we all come to such unity in our faith and knowledge of God’s Son that we will be mature in the Lord, measuring up to the full and complete standard of Christ” (see Ephesians 4:11-13).  God empowered His people to do His will!

The Holy Spirit gave the people of God boldness to do God’s will.  For example, Peter had denied knowing Jesus three times.  However, Peter (after he was filled with the Holy Spirit) boldly preached to the Jewish crowd (see Acts 2:14-36).  He finished His speech by saying, “Each of you must repent of your sins and turn to God, and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins.  Then you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.  This promise is to you, and to your children, and even to the Gentiles – all who have been called by the Lord our God” (see Acts 2:38-39).  The result?  Approximately 3,000 believed and became baptized!  (see Acts 2:41).  Likewise, Saul met Jesus on the road to Damascus.  He was renamed Paul and became filled with the Holy Spirit.  Immediately afterward, Paul boldly preached about Jesus declaring that “He is indeed the Son of God!” (see Acts 9:17-20).  Both Peter and Paul were empowered to do the will of God.  Both of these men preached the Good News, cast out evil spirits, healed numerous people, and raised people from the dead!  2 Timothy 1:7 states, “For God has not given us a spirit of fear and timidity, but of power, love, and self-discipline.”  The Holy Spirit certainly infused Peter and Paul (and others) with boldness to do God’s will!  James 1:22 states, “But don’t just listen to God’s word.  You must do what it says.”  Both Peter and Paul were empowered by the Holy Spirit to do (not merely listen to) what the Word of God says.  They both recognized that they could not possibly do the will of God in their own strength.  Paul clearly recognized that he needed God’s grace and power to do so (see  2 Corinthians 12:9).  Paul encouraged the believers to imitate God since they are His children (see Ephesians 5:1-2).  Paul encouraged them to be led by the Holy Spirit rather than their sinful nature.  The fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control (see Galatians 5:16-26).  Both Peter and Paul were empowered by the Holy Spirit to do the will of God.  Both followed the example of Jesus and both encouraged others to do the same.  Both men encouraged others to live a pure and holy life worthy of God!

I believe that God has called me and equipped me to draw people to God, the Father.  Isaiah 43:5-7 states, “Do not be afraid, for I am with you.  I will gather you and your children from east and west.  I will say to the north and south, ‘Bring my sons and daughters back to Israel from the distant corners of the earth. Bring all who claim me as their God, for I have made them for my glory.  It was I who created them.’”  God has repeatedly assured me that He loves me and He is with me – always.  God has repeatedly shown me that His grace is sufficient.  God has repeatedly encouraged me to have faith in Him, believe Him, obey Him, trust Him, and love Him.  Despite my weaknesses, I choose to believe God when He says that His grace is sufficient.  I choose to love God with all my heart, soul, mind, and strength and I choose to love others as myself.  I choose to live my life in a manner that is worthy of God and I encourage others to do the same.

Romans

Romans

What was happening in the Church when this Epistle was written?

The apostle Paul wrote the book of Romans around AD 57.  According to the introduction to the book of Romans in the Sourceview Bible, Paul “wrote about the grace of God both from experience (Act 9:1-19) and education (Act 22:3).”  At the time Paul wrote the book of Romans, he had never actually been to Rome; therefore, he introduced himself to the believers in Rome.  According to introduction to the book of Romans in the Sourceview Bible, “Paul wrote to predominantly Gentile believers in the capital city of the Roman empire: (1) to introduce himself to the believers there and enlist their help in spreading the gospel; (2) to develop and defend the truth of the gospel he had been preaching; and (3) to encourage the Roman believers to rely solely on God’s grace for their salvation (3:24).”  Paul commended the Romans for their faith in Jesus Christ (see Romans 1:8).  Paul warned them that they are storing up punishment for themselves if they persist in their stubborn refusal to turn from their sins (see Romans 2:5).  Paul confronted them on various issues such as: boasting, stealing, committing adultery, and idolatry (see Romans 2:17-23).  Paul wanted the believers in Rome to know the truth; therefore, Paul taught them the truth – God’s truth.  

Main Ideas of this Epistle

According to Nelson’s Complete Book of Maps and Charts (page 366), the book of Romans can be summarized as follows:  The need of sinful humanity for God’s righteousness (Romans 1:18-3:20), the imputation of Christ’s righteousness to sinful human beings in justification (Romans 3:21-5:21), and the sanctification of the redeemed (Romans 6:21-8:39).  Further, Paul discusses God’s righteousness as revealed in His faithfulness to His covenant promise to Israel (Romans 9:1-11:36) and the righteousness that Christians are to display before each other and to the world (Romans 12:1-16:27). Paul began his message to the Romans with an introduction of himself.  Paul wrote, “This letter is from Paul, a slave of Christ Jesus, chosen by God to be an apostle and sent out to preach his Good News.  God promised this Good News long ago through his prophets in the holy Scriptures.  The Good News is about his Son.  In his earthly life he was born into King David’s family line, and he was shown to be the Son of God when he was raised from the dead by the power of the Holy Spirit.  He is Jesus Christ our Lord.  Through Christ, God has given us the privilege and authority as apostles to tell Gentiles everywhere what God has done for them, so that they will believe and obey him, bringing glory to his name” (see Romans 1:1-5).  Paul explains how people can be made right with God.  “This Good News tells us how God makes us right in his sight.  This is accomplished from start to finish by faith.  As the Scriptures say, ‘It is through faith that a righteous person has life’” (see Romans 1:17).  God will judge everyone according to what they have done.  He will give eternal life to those who keep on doing good, seeking after the glory and honor and immortality that God offers.  But he will pour out his anger and wrath on those who live for themselves, who refuse to obey the truth and instead live lives of wickedness (see Romans 2:6-8).  “There will be glory and honor and peace from God for all who do good” (see Romans 2:10).  “All people, whether Jews or Gentiles, are under the power of sin” (see Romans 3:9).  God has shown us the way to be made right with God without keeping the requirements of the law.  “We are made right with God by placing our faith in Jesus Christ.  And this is true for everyone who believes, no matter who we are” (see Romans 3:21-22).  “For everyone has sinned and fall short of God’s glorious standard” (Romans 3:23).  We are made right with God by believing in Jesus Christ (see Romans 3:23-26).  It is based on faith in Jesus Christ – not by obeying the law (see Romans 3:27-28). People are “counted as righteous, not because of their work, but because of their faith in God who forgives sinners (see Romans 4:5).  “God’s promise to give the whole earth to Abraham and his descendants was based not on his obedience to God’s law, but on a right relationship with God that comes by faith” (see Romans 4:13).  Therefore, the promise is received by faith; it is given as a free gift (see Romans 4:16). As believers, we are united with Christ in His death as well as united with Christ in His life (see Romans 6:1-11).  We “should consider ourselves to be dead to the power of sin and alive to God through Jesus Christ” (see Romans 6:11).  We are to live our lives for the glory of God (see Romans 6:13).  We can “produce a harvest of good deeds for God” since we are alive with Christ (see Romans 7:4).  “We can serve God, not in the old way of obeying the letter of the law, but in the new way of living in the Spirit” (see Romans 7:6).  There is “no condemnation for those who belong to Christ Jesus” (Romans 8:1).  Nothing can separate us from the love of Christ (see Romans 8:35-39). God desires His people to be saved.  God’s message about faith is “If you confess with your mouth that Jesus is LORD and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.  For it is by believing in your heart that you are made right with God, and it is by confessing with your mouth that you are saved” (see Romans 10:9-10). 

Character and Nature of God in this Epistle

God is faithful and true (see Romans 3:3-4).  God is the God of the Jews and the God of the Gentiles (see Romans 3:29).  God desires His people to place their faith in Him.  It is their faith in Him that brings Him glory (see Romans 4:20).  Abraham was fully convinced that God is able to do whatever He promises.  Abraham had faith in God.  This was counted to him as righteousness.  God desires us to be righteous.  God desires us to be made right with Him.  God desires us to believe in Him (see Romans 4:23-24). God loves people so much that He sent His Son, Jesus Christ, to die for us while we were still sinners (see Romans 5:8).  God desires to help us.  The “Holy Spirit helps us in our weakness” (Romans 8:26).  God is for us, not against us (see Romans 8:31). God shows mercy and compassion to those He chooses (see Romans 9:14-18). God desires His people to be saved.  God loves His people and He desires to be with His people – both now and forever!  

Colossians

Colossians

What was happening in the Church when this Epistle was written?

The book of Colossians was written by the apostle Paul around 60 AD – 62 AD.  According to the introduction to the book of Colossians in the Sourceview Bible, Paul wrote this book “while under house arrest in Rome, awaiting trial before the Roman Emperor Nero.”  Further, the introduction explains that the “church was under constant pressure from competing religious groups.  One heresy stated that the gospel was not enough; it was necessary to obtain ‘secret’ knowledge if you wanted to be saved.”  Paul had heard of the faith of the believers in Colosse as well as their love for all people (see Colossians 1:4).  Paul confronted false teachings by teaching them the truth – God’s truth.  Paul did not want them to be deceived (see Colossians 2:4).  Paul stated, “Don’t let anyone capture you with empty philosophies and high-sounding nonsense that comes from human thinking and from the spiritual powers of this world, rather than from Christ” (see Colossians 2:8).  There were some in the church who were being deceived by false teachings about Christ and what He had done and Paul set out to teach them the truth – God’s truth about Christ and what He had already done.  Paul also encouraged them to die to their old, sinful lives and live their new lives in Christ (see Colossians 3:1-11). Overall, Paul confronted false teachings with the truth – God’s truth.

Main Ideas of this Epistle

In order to best recognize a counterfeit, one must study the real thing.  According to the introduction to the book of Colossians in the Sourceview Bible, “Paul confronts heresy with a one-two punch.  First, he declares that Jesus is not only the creator and sustainer of everything, but he is in fact the exact representation of God.  Nothing less than ‘God is all his fullness’ dwells in him (1:17-19). Second, Paul exposes the false idea that philosophy and religiosity can successfully combat evil desires (2:23).  He reminds the Colossians that believers already have what they need for spiritual victory through ‘union with Christ’ (2:10).”  Paul reminded the believers of the truth of who Jesus Christ is and what He has already accomplished (see Colossians 14:22).  He encouraged them to continue to believe the truth and not drift away from the truth (see Colossians 1:23).  Paul reminded them that the riches and glories of Christ are theirs and Christ lives in them (see Colossians 1:27). Paul reminded them that they were dead because of their sins and their sinful nature; however, God made them alive with Christ and forgave them of all their sins (see Colossians 2:13-14).  Paul encouraged them to die to their old, sinful lives and live in their new lives in Christ (see Colossians 3:1-11).  In order to recognize false teachings about God, one must know the truth about God as revealed in His Word. 

Character and Nature of God in this Epistle

God strengthens His people.  Paul prayed that the believers in Colosse may “be strengthened with all his glorious power so [they] will have all the endurance and patience [they] need” (see Colossians 1:11).  God desires His people to have knowledge, wisdom, and understanding.  Paul prayed for the believers asking God for “a complete knowledge of his will and to give [them] spiritual wisdom and understanding” (see Colossians 1:9).  God desires His people to live in a manner that will always honor and praise Him.  God desires His people to live lives that produce every kind of good fruit.  God desires His people to know Him better and better (see Colossians 1:10).  God desires His people to know the truth.  God desires His people to live His message.  Colossians 3:16-17 states, “Let the message about Christ, in all its richness, fill your lives.  Teach and counsel each other with all the wisdom he gives.  Sing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs to God with thankful hearts.  And whatever you do or say, do it as a representative of the LORD Jesus, giving thanks through him to God the Father.”

2 Thessalonians

2 Thessalonians

What was happening in the Church when this Epistle was written?

The apostle Paul wrote the book of 2 Thessalonians shortly after he wrote 1 Thessalonians in the early AD 50s.  He encouraged the believers in Thessalonica to persevere in their faith despite their suffering, hardship, and persecution.  He praised them for their faith in God and their love for one another (see 2 Thessalonians 1:3).  Apparently, there were some misunderstandings regarding the second coming of the LORD Jesus Christ; therefore, Paul clarified some things for them (see 2 Thessalonians 2:1).  He encouraged them to persevere in their faith despite the persecution they were suffering (see 2 Thessalonians 1:7).  He encouraged them to stand firm in their faith (see 2 Thessalonians 2:15).  The church was suffering and in need of comfort and encouragement; therefore, Paul comforted them, strengthened the, and encouraged them with his words.  Paul did confront some in the church who had become lazy and refused to work (see 2 Thessalonians 3:11).  Further, he commanded them to work in order to earn a living (see 2 Thessalonians 3:12).  Overall, Paul comforted, strengthened, and encouraged the believers in the church of Thessalonica to remain strong in their faith and in their love for God and for one another.

Main Ideas of this Epistle

Paul praised the church in Thessalonica for their faith and for their love for one another.  Paul comforted them, strengthened them, and encouraged them with his words.  He wanted them to continue to grow in their faith and in their love in spite of the persecution and suffering they were enduring.  Paul also clarified some things regarding the second coming of the Lord, Jesus Christ.  He encouraged some of them who were leading idle lives to work and earn their own living (see 2 Thessalonians 3:12).  Overall, Paul encouraged the believers in Thessalonica to keep up the good work!  He encouraged them to continue growing in their faith and in their love for one another!

Character and Nature of God in this Epistle

God desires His people to know the truth and to live the truth.  God desires His people to live holy lives that are pleasing to Him.  God desires His people to believe in Him and to have faith in Him.  God desires His people to love God and to love each other as God loves.  God desires His people to persevere and not give up; therefore, God encourages His people, God comforts His people, God teaches His people, and God strengthens His people.  God equips His people to do His will.  God equips His people to love God and to love one another.  As Paul prayed, “Now may our Lord Jesus Christ himself and God our Father, who loved us and by his grace gave us eternal comfort and a wonderful hope, comfort you and strengthen you in every good thing you do and say” (see 2 Thessalonians 2:16-17).  

1 Thessalonians

1 Thessalonians

What was happening in the Church when this Epistle was written?

The apostle Paul wrote the book of 1 Thessalonians around 50 AD. According to the introduction to the book of 1 Thessalonians in the Sourceview Bible, “Paul wrote to the believers in the church at Thessalonica, founded during his second missionary journey.  Riots and opposition had forced him to leave them sooner than he desired.  But later news of their progress encouraged Paul to write to commend them for growing in the LORD and to urge them to correct some misunderstandings.”  Paul praised the church in Thessalonica for receiving their “message with joy from the Holy Spirit in spite of the severe suffering it brought you” (see 1 Thessalonians 1:6).  He added they have “become an example to all the believers in Greece – throughout both Macedonia and Achaia” (see 1 Thessalonians 1:7).  He along with others commended them for turning away from idols in order to serve the living and true God (see 1 Thessalonians 1:9). He along with others commended them for looking forward to the coming of God’s Son (Jesus) from heaven (see 1 Thessalonians 1:10).  They received their message as if they were the very words of God rather than mere human ideas (see 1 Thessalonians 2:13).  Paul commended them for remaining strong in the faith despite troubles and suffering (see 1 Thessalonians 3:7). 1 Thessalonians 4:3-8 states, “God’s will is for you to be holy, so stay away from all sexual sins.  Then each of you will control his own body and live in holiness and honor – not in lustful passion like the pagans who do not know God and his ways.  Never harm or cheat a Christian brother in this matter by violating his wife, for the LORD avenges all such sins, as we have solemnly warned you before.  God has called us to live holy lives, not impure lives.  Therefore, anyone who refuses to live by these rules is not disobeying human teaching but is rejecting God, who gives his Holy Spirit to you.”  These verses imply that there were those in the church who were giving into sexual sin and living unholy and impure lives.  There were also those in the church who were confused about the coming day of the LORD; therefore, Paul reminded them of the truth of the second coming of Jesus.  Overall, Paul had many positive things to say about the church in Thessalonica and he encouraged them to live pure and holy lives that are worthy of God.

Main Ideas of this Epistle

Paul encouraged the believers in the church of Thessalonica “to live in a way that pleases God” (see 1 Thessalonians 4:1).  He encouraged them to be holy and stay away from all sexual sin (see 1 Thessalonians 4:3).  He encouraged them to continue loving one another and God loves (see 1 Thessalonians 4:9).  Paul corrected some misunderstandings regarding the second coming of their Lord Jesus Christ.  Paul encouraged the believers in Thessalonica to hold onto what is good and stay away from every kind of evil (see 1 Thessalonians 5:21-22).  He encouraged them to be holy and to keep their whole spirit and soul and body blameless until our Lord Jesus Christ returns (see 1 Thessalonians 5:23). Paul commended them for their faithful work, loving deeds, and enduring hope they have in their Lord Jesus Christ (see 1 Thessalonians 1:2-3) and he encouraged them to remain strong in their faith in the LORD.

Character and Nature of God in this Epistle

God is holy and He desires His people to be holy.  God desires His people to stay away from all sexual sin and to live in holiness and honor with each other (see 1 Thessalonians 4:3-5).  God desires His people to know the truth regarding the second coming of His Son, the LORD Jesus Christ. God desires His people to love one another and build each other up (see 1 Thessalonians 5:11).  God desires His people to not quench the Holy Spirit (see 1 Thessalonians 5:19).  God desires His people to always be joyful and thankful in all circumstances (see 1 Thessalonians 5:16).  God desires His people to be holy and to live blameless lives which are pleasing to Him (see 1 Thessalonians 5: 23).  God desires His people to love one another as God loves.

Ephesians

Ephesians

What was happening in the Church when this Epistle was written?

According to the introduction to the book of Ephesians in the Sourceview Bible, the book of Ephesians was written by the apostle Paul sometime during his imprisonment in Rome (around 60 – 62 AD).  It was written to remind the believers of who they were in Christ.  The church in Ephesus had a strong faith in the LORD (see Ephesians 1:15); however, they were divided between Jews and Gentiles.  Knowing this, Paul unified the believers by reminding them of who they are in Christ.  He explained that as believers they are united as one because of what Jesus accomplished on the Cross (see Ephesians 2:14-16).  There were also those who were still living in their old, sinful nature; therefore, Paul encouraged them to “throw off your old sinful nature and your former way of life, which is corrupted by lust and deception.  Instead, let the Spirit renew your thoughts and attitudes.  Put on your new nature, created to be like God – truly righteous and holy” (see Ephesians 4:22-24).  Paul encouraged them to “Get rid of all bitterness, rage, anger, harsh words, and slander, as well as all types of evil behavior” (see Ephesians 4:31).  Paul also said, “Let there be no sexual immorality, impurity, or greed among you” (see Ephesians 5:3).  The church in Ephesus was divided between Jews and Gentiles and many were still living in their old, sinful nature; therefore, Paul masterfully reminded them of who they really are in Christ.

Main Ideas of this Epistle

The apostle Paul wanted to remind the believers (both Jews and Gentiles) in Ephesus of who they are in Christ.  He wanted to remind them of their inheritance in Him (see Ephesians 1:18-19).  He wanted them to understand God’s great power (see Ephesians 1:19-20).  Paul informed the believers that Christ is the head and they are His body (see Ephesians 1:21-23).  Paul reminded the believers that they are saved by His grace (see Ephesians 2:8-9).  He reminded them that through Jesus we – both Jews and Gentiles – are united as one (see Ephesians 2:14-16).  He reminded them that they are God’s holy people and members of God’s family (see Ephesians 2:19).  He reminded them that as believers they are God’s children who will inherit God’s riches (see Ephesians 3:6).  He reminded them that because of Christ and their faith in Him, they can boldly and confidently entered into God’s presence (see Ephesians 3:12).  Paul recognized there was hostile disunity between the Jews and the Gentiles; therefore, Paul reminded them (the believers) of who they are in Christ.  He reminded them they are all united as one in Christ.  Additionally, Paul encouraged them to “be strong in the LORD and in his mighty power” and “Put on all of God’s armor so that you will be able to stand firm against all strategies of the devil” (see Ephesians 6:10-18). 

Character and Nature of God in this Epistle

God is gracious.  God has blessed us with every spiritual blessing because we are united with Christ (see Ephesians 1:3).  God is kind.  “[God] is so rich in kindness and grace that he purchased our freedom with the blood of his Son and forgave our sins.  [God] has showered is kindness on us, along with all wisdom and understanding” (Ephesians 1:7-8).  God is giving and He will give believers their inheritance.  “The Spirit is God’s guarantee that he will give us the inheritance he promised and that he had purchased us to be his own people.  He did this so we would praise and glorify him” (Ephesians 1:14).  God is full of mercy.  “But God is so rich in mercy, and he loved us so much, that even though we were dead because of our sins, he gave us life when he raised Christ from the dead” (see Ephesians 2:4).  God is full of grace.  “God saved you by his grace when you believed.  And you can’t take credit for this; it is a gift from God.  Salvation is not a reward for the good things we have done, so none of us can boast about it” (Ephesians 2:8-9).  God desires us to be made complete with all the fullness of life and power that comes from God (see Ephesians 3:19).  God desires us to be united in love.  Paul exhorts the believers to “lead a life worthy of your calling, for you have been called by God.  Always be humble and gentle. Be patient with each other, making allowance for each other’s faults because of your love.  Make every effort to keep yourselves united in the Spirit, binding yourselves together with peace.  For there is one body and one Spirit, just as you have been called to one glorious hope for the future.  There is one LORD, one faith, one baptism, and one God and Father, who is over all and in all and living through all” (see Ephesians 4:1-6).  God desires His children to be united with Him and with each other in His love.

2 Corinthians

2 Corinthians

What was happening in the Church when this Epistle was written?

The book of 2 Corinthians was written by the apostle Paul in approximately 55 AD.  It was written to the church in Corinth in order to restore unity among the believers and to defend Paul’s authority as an apostle and a leader.  2 Corinthians 1:1 states, “This letter is from Paul, chosen by the will of God to be an apostle of Christ Jesus, and from our brother Timothy. I am writing to God’s church in Corinth and to all of his holy people throughout Greece.”  At the time, the church in Corinth was experiencing a lot of inner strife.  However, Paul thanked them for praying for him (see 2 Corinthians 1:11).  He also commended them by saying, “The only letter of recommendation we need is you yourselves.  Your lives are a letter written on our hearts; everyone can read it and recognize our good work among you.  Clearly, you are a letter from Christ showing the result of our ministry among you” (2 Corinthians 3:2-3).  There were people in the church who were attacking Paul and his ministry; therefore, he defended himself.  For example, Paul wrote, “Look at the obvious facts.  Those who say they belong to Christ must recognize that we belong to Christ as much as they do.  I may seem to be boasting too much about the authority given to us by the LORD.  But our authority builds you up; it doesn’t tear you down.  So I will not be ashamed of using my authority” (see 2 Corinthians 10:7-8).  From a human standpoint, Paul had every reason to boast about himself and his accomplishments; however, Paul chose not to do so.  Instead, he chose to boast about his weaknesses in order to bring honor and glory to the LORD (see 2 Corinthians 11:22-31).  There were some in the church who had not given up their old sinful lifestyle; therefore, Paul wrote, “I am afraid that I will find quarreling, jealousy, anger, selfishness, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorderly behavior. . . And I will be grieved because many of you have not given up your old sins.  You have not repented of your impurity, sexual immorality, and eagerness for lustful pleasures” (see 2 Corinthians 12:20-21).  Paul addressed the inner strife and dissension within the church.  He also defended his role as an apostle and a leader.  Paul confronted false teaching by presenting them with the truth - God's truth.  Overall, many in the church of Corinth had repented of their old sinful lifestyle; however, there were still some who had not and these people were the ones who were causing a lot of problems for Paul and the church in Corinth. 

Main Ideas of this Epistle

All of us will be judged by God for how we live our lives; therefore, we ought to live our lives in a manner that pleases God.  “We live by believing and not by seeing . . . our goal is to please him.  For we must all stand before Christ to be judged.  We will each receive whatever we deserve for the good or evil we have done in this earthly body” (see 2 Corinthians 5:7-10). Christ died for our sins and has given us a new life; therefore, we ought to live our new lives for Him.  “Since we believe that Christ died for all, we also believe that we have all died to our life.  He died for everyone so that those who receive his new life will no longer live for themselves.  Instead, they will live for Christ, who died and was raised for them.  So we have stopped evaluating ourselves from a human point of view . . . anyone who belongs to Christ has become a new person.  The old life is gone; a new life has begun! And all of this is a gift from God, who brought us back to himself through Christ. And God has given us this task of reconciling people to him” (see 2 Corinthians 14-18).  God has given us this great gift and we are now reconciled with God.  God desires us to tell others about this great gift so that they too may be reconciled with God.  Paul makes it clear that Jesus Christ is LORD and we are His servants; we are to boast in Him rather than in ourselves.  Paul states, “We can say with confidence and a clear conscience that we have lived with a God-given holiness and sincerity in all our dealings.  We have depended on God’s grace, not on our human wisdom (see 2 Corinthians 1:12). Paul preaches that Jesus Christ is LORD and we are his servants rather than preaching about themselves (see 2 Corinthians 4:5).  Paul suffered many things in order to share Christ (see 2 Corinthians 4:8-12). “For all of God’s promises have been fulfilled in Christ with a resounding ‘Yes!’  And through Christ, our ‘Amen’ (which means ‘Yes’) ascends to God for his glory.  It is God who enables us, along with you, to stand firm for Christ” (see 2 Corinthians 1:20-21).  We are to see God and reflect His glory.  We are to become more and more like Him. “But whenever someone turns to the LORD, the veil is taken away.  For the LORD is the Spirit, and wherever the Spirit of the LORD is, there is freedom.  So all of us who have had that veil removed can see and reflect the glory of the LORD.  And the LORD – who is the Spirit – makes us more and more like him as we are changed into his glorious image” (2 Corinthians 16-18).  We are to live lives that bring honor and glory to God.  For example, Paul stated, “We live in such a way that no one will stumble because of us, and no one will find fault with our ministry” (2 Corinthians 6:3).  He added that, “We preach the word of God with sincerity and with Christ’s authority, knowing that God is watching us” (2 Corinthians 2:17).  In order words, he does not preach for personal profit.  Paul wrote, “We are careful to be honorable before the LORD, but we want everyone else to see we are honorable” (see 2 Corinthians 8:20).  We are to live our lives in a manner that truly brings honor and glory to God.

Character and Nature of God in this Epistle

God is merciful.  Paul writes, “God in his mercy has given us this new way” (see 2 Corinthians 4:1).  God is full of grace.  “And as God’s grace reaches more and more people, there will be great thanksgiving, and God will receive more and more glory” (see 2 Corinthians 4:15).  God’s grace is sufficient.  The LORD told Paul three different times, “My grace is all you need. My power works best in weakness” when Paul begged the LORD to take away a thorn in his flesh (2 Corinthians 12:9). God desires His people to live their lives in a manner that is pleasing to Him and God equips His people to do so.  God desires His people to reflect His glory and become more and more like Him.  God desires true freedom for His people for where the Spirit of the LORD is, there is freedom.  God desires unity among His people.  God desires His people to know the truth and to live the truth - God's truth.  God desires His people to give up their old, sinful lifestyles and live their new lives in Christ for Him and for His honor and glory.

Personal Application

As believers, we are children of God.  Our Father desires us, His children, to be like Him.  He desires us to live our lives in such a way that truly bring Him the honor and the glory He deserves.  God knows how to raise His children to become more and more like Him.  God reminds us in 2 Corinthians that His grace is sufficient.  Sometimes, we try to live our lives (apart from God and others); however, we eventually realize that we really cannot do so.  God has designed us in such a way that we truly need God and we truly need each other.  We simply cannot live our lives on our own.  During this particular season in my life, God has been teaching me many things.  For example, God has been teaching me (again!) that I truly need God AND I truly need other people.  God has also been teaching me (again!) that His grace is sufficient.  Over the past several months, I have often (though not always!) found myself feeling very helpless.  During my times of extreme pain and/or extreme weakness, it has been incredibly difficult for me to do the things I need to do.  Further, it has been very difficult for me to simply enjoy the things I typically enjoy doing.  I clearly recognize that I have been engaged in a great deal of spiritual warfare with the enemy.  However, I also clearly recognize God’s hand at work in my life.  These times of extreme weakness and/or extreme pain have left me feeling very helpless.  I have been forced to rely more and more on God.  I have been forced to rely more and more on others as well.  I sense now more than ever just how much I truly need God and I truly need others.  Time and time and time again, God has told me that His grace is sufficient.  For example, God tells us clearly in His Word that we, His children, are “to love God with all our heart, soul, mind, and strength and to love others as ourselves.”  Furthermore, His Word tells us that God equips His children to do His will.  God says this to us even though we, His children (like myself), may sometimes feel like we simply cannot do His will.  God equips His children to do His will even when they are feeling very weak, experiencing a lot of pain, and/or feeling very helpless.  Further, God desires His children to boast in Him rather than in themselves.  We are to sing His praises!  Admittedly, the past few months have been very challenging for me in many ways.  However, God is teaching me and reminding me of some very valuable lessons which are helping me to become more and more like Him.  I am so very grateful that God is my Father and I am His son.  My personal application for the book of 2 Corinthians is to simply believe God when He says that His grace is sufficient because His Word says that His grace is sufficient.  I choose to believe God when He says He will equip me to do His will whether I feel like I can do His will or not because God said He will equip me to do His will.  I choose to boast in God and sing His praises rather than boast in myself because God said we are to boast in God and sing His praises rather than ourselves.  I choose to live my life in such a way as to bring honor and glory to my Father.  I choose to love God with all my heart, soul, mind, and strength and I choose to love others as myself.

Point of Passion

My point of passion is to know God and to make Him known – especially among teenagers and young adults.  According to God’s Word, God’s grace is sufficient. I desire to pass along this valuable lesson to others.  According to God’s Word, we are to boast in God rather than in ourselves.  I desire to pass along this valuable lesson to others.  According to God’s Word, God will equip us to do His will.  I desire to pass along this valuable lesson to others.  God clearly states that we are to love God with all our heart, soul, mind, and strength and to love others as ourselves.  God will equip us to do His will.  His grace is sufficient!